With the gradual promotion and industrialization of electric vehicles and the increasing development of electric vehicle technology, the technical requirements of electric vehicles for charging piles have shown a consistent trend, requiring charging piles to be as close as possible to the following goals:
Compared with nickel-metal hydroxide and lithium-ion power batteries with good development prospects, traditional lead-acid batteries have the advantages of mature technology, low cost, large battery capacity, good load-following output characteristics and no memory effect, but they also have advantages. The problems of low energy and short driving range on a single charge. Therefore, in the case that the current power battery cannot directly provide more driving range, if the battery charging can be realized quickly, in a sense, it will solve the Achilles heel of the short driving range of electric vehicles.
Under the market background of the coexistence of multiple types of batteries and multiple voltage levels, charging devices used in public places must have the ability to adapt to multiple types of battery systems and various voltage levels, that is, the charging system needs to have charging versatility and The charging control algorithm of multiple types of batteries can match the charging characteristics of different battery systems on various electric vehicles, and can charge different batteries. Therefore, in the early stage of the commercialization of electric vehicles, relevant policies and measures should be formulated to standardize the charging interface, charging specification and interface agreement between charging devices used in public places and electric vehicles.
One of the most critical issues restricting the development and popularization of electric vehicles is the performance and application level of energy storage batteries. The goal of optimizing the intelligent battery charging method is to achieve non-destructive battery charging, monitor the battery’s discharge state, and avoid over-discharge, so as to achieve the purpose of extending battery life and energy saving. The development of the application technology of charging intelligence is mainly reflected in the following aspects: optimized, intelligent charging technology and chargers, charging stations; calculation, guidance and intelligent management of battery power; automatic diagnosis and maintenance technology of battery failures.
The energy consumption indicators of electric vehicles are closely related to their operating energy costs. Reducing the operating energy consumption of electric vehicles and improving their cost effectiveness are one of the key factors that promote the industrialization of electric vehicles. For charging stations, considering the power conversion efficiency and construction cost, priority should be given to charging devices with many advantages such as high power conversion efficiency and low construction cost.
In line with the requirements of miniaturization and multi-functioning of subsystems, as well as the improvement of battery reliability and stability requirements, the charging system will be integrated with the electric vehicle energy management system as a whole, integrating transfer transistors, current detection, and reverse discharge protection, etc. Function, a smaller and more integrated charging solution can be realized without external components, thereby saving layout space for the remaining components of electric vehicles, greatly reducing system costs, and optimizing the charging effect, and extending battery life.